Introduction
Over the past few years, there have been increased cases of type 2 diabetes in the United States. It is approximated that every 2 out of 10 individuals in the United States had this infection between 2013 and 2016. The number of youths with type 2 diabetes has increased by 5% since 2002. Numerous risk factors are connected to the increased number of type 2 diabetes infections, including lifestyle changes and environmental and psychosocial factors.
Analysis
The article “Comparison of Rates of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults and Children Treated with Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers” was composed several authors, including Jenny W. Sun, Jessica G. Young, and Aaron L. Sarver. It was published in the Journal of The American Medical Association on the 6th of April 2022. The study aims to explore the effects of Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers in enhancing opportunity for development of type 2 diabetes in patients (Sun et al., 2022). The data used in the study was obtained from the IBM MarketScan (2010-2019), with samples being children and adults of American nationality. The children tested for this study were aged 10-19 years, while adults were between 20 and 65. These individuals received the Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizer Treatment, and they were monitored with results recorded between August 2020 to May 2021. The article compares the rates of type 2 diabetes infection in patients who receive the administration of Mood Stabilizers.
Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers are well known for mood stabilization and prevention of mood episodes in bipolar disorders. Initially, these stabilizers were administered to people who never responded to lithium. However, the medication is now prescribed alone to control mania. Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers work by calming the hyperactivity in the brain through various methods. This makes the drugs efficient for treating epilepsy and other brain disorders. Even though there are no clear proofs of their relationship with diabetes, Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizer treatments increase the risks of weight gain in individuals.
Various medicinal practices are connected to the increased rates of type 2 diabetes globally. However, it is not clear how Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers contribute to T2D. Research from 2010 shows that 1% of the citizens in America were treated with Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizers during their childhood stages. Children who received the treatment recorded increased weight gain and insulin resistance rates. The article states that it requires a proper and widely conducted clinical test in order to evaluate the risks of type 2 diabetes in patients who receives Mood Stabilizers. Without this proper trial on a wide range, medical officers can generate evidences through data obtained from the health care databases (Sun et al., 2022). The study on the article used randomly collected healthcare information that resembled the trials. The test was conducted on both children and adults with equal number of trials for the two groups. The study was conducted within an extensive age range, which made the work more efficient. The institutional review board of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care allowed this research to be published as a non-human research subject.
There are various types of Anticonvulsant Mood stabilizers, and some increase the rates of developing type 2 diabetes. Among the adults tested for this study, valproate was tied with a 1.17% higher adjusted risk difference for developing T2D over five years compared to lamotrigine. The observed difference was translated into numbers to mean 87 patients. In a per-protocol analysis of patients who adhered to treatment, the point estimate of T2D risk for valproate versus lamotrigine was slightly higher (1.99%, 95% CI -0.64 to 5.31). The two other stabilizers, carbamazepine, and oxcarbazepine, didn’t have a higher risk of developing T2D in adults than lamotrigine (Sun et al., 2022). Weight gain was also a common effect observed, especially with valproate and carbamazepine stabilizers. Lamotrigine did not record increased weight, showing that it is highly recommended. Even though the results were almost identical in children, risk differences were small and underpowered. This study showed that choosing an Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizer to administer could impact the development of type 2 diabetes. Medical professionals concerned with the effects of Stabilizer should assist with lamotrigine since it has the lowest risk of T2D in individuals.
During the experiment, the use of weighted regression was employed in estimation of risks associated with various types stabilizers. The analysis included 274 206 adults and 74 005 children, with 159 428 women (Sun et al., 2022). All the individuals who participated in this study were treated with Anticonvulsant Mood Stabilizes. The result shown in adults implied that, valproate had the highest chances of developing type 2 diabetes than lamotrigine. For the other two stabilizers tested, the risks were so little and with very minor variables.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this article is a study to show that various mood stabilizers have multiple effects and risks on developing type 2 diabetes. The use of Valproate stabilizer showed a great risk in developing T2D in elderly people compared to the other stabilizer. The results of mood stabilizers in children were minor with efficient estimates. Since lamotrigine showed the least percentage of risk in developing T2D, medical professionals concerned about the effects of Mood Stabilizer should consider using it. However, this study felt a small sample of data and suggested a randomized clinical trial that would provide the relevant evidence in future studies.
Reference
Sun, J. W., Young, J. G., Sarvet, A. L., Bailey, L. C., Heerman, W. J., Janicke, D. M., Lin, P. D., Toh, S., & Block, J. P. (2022). Comparison of rates of type 2 diabetes in adults and children treated with anticonvulsant mood stabilizers. JAMA Network Open, 5(4), e226484. Web.