Introduction
In the medical field, there is a large number of theories that can explain the essence of the work of a specialist and guide it in the right direction. One of the popular theories in the nursing industry is the Orlando concept, which helps physicians understand the impact of human experience on patient care. This theory focuses the nurse’s attention not only on the professional part of the profession but also on the moral and psychological. The importance of proper communication with the patient, regular, relaxed communication, and understanding of the patient’s feelings and point of view allows the specialist to plan nursing care more correctly. Based on an analysis of a case study in which the district nurse adopts the Orlando theory, it can be said that the woman understands the patient’s needs better and can provide them with better care and treatment.
Orlando Theory Based on the Situation of Susan and Sam
The case study presented in this assignment tells the story of a community nurse, Ann, who is to develop a treatment plan for patients named Susan and Sam. Because of her knowledge of the concept, Ann can ask patients various questions that may encourage a medical professional to improve the quality of care. For example, an essential piece of information to explore is what is bothering the patient, whether it affects their life satisfaction, and why the patient behaves in one way or another (Gaudet & Howett, 2018). Such clarifications can sometimes be crucial for the patient and increase their trust in the specialist. In this way, the nurse has a better understanding of the behavior and needs of her patients, which strengthens the faith between them and promotes new facts to facilitate treatment.
Creating a Family Care Plan
Orlando’s theory combines several human factors, each of which must be considered by a specialist. For example, according to this concept, the nurse must consider both family members’ civic, social, and emotional needs when designing a family care plan for Sam and Susan. Relationships within the family and people’s ability to support each other correctly are equally essential elements for evaluation. What counts is whether Susan can care for her father if he asks for help and whether the person has other relatives and resources to help facilitate support and treatment.
According to the Orlando method, the care plan should include a development phase considering Sam’s poor health, such as visual impairment (Mudd et al., 2020). Susan, in turn, must be able to carry out all her responsibilities as a father and involve other family members in caring for a relative. Orlando’s theory is interesting because it is complex, and the concept explores the accountability issues of a family support system.
Cultural, Social, and Economic Change in the US
The 1950s and 1960s were unusual for the United States of America and brought difficulties to various spheres of society. There have been many cultural, economic, and social changes in the country, manifested in the emergence of the baby boomers and the prevalence of the middle class. The threat of nuclear war and the Cold War’s duration strongly influenced American society’s culture and mood (Smith & Parker, 2020). In the post-war period, a heightened focus was on promoting civil rights and equality among races and genders. Thus, the world was gradually becoming more tolerant, and the people concerned tried to promote these beliefs to the masses.
In addition to the global changes in the life of the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, nursing also underwent some changes. For example, as early as the 1950s, many nursing and vocational schools were established, which offered to study the case as a full-fledged profession. Until then, there was no belief that a nurse could become a profession requiring training and skills.
Ten years later, the field became even more developed, and the nurses became specialists with different research degrees. At this point, the nurses gained even more respect among the population, became more independent in their decisions, and proved that this discipline should be recognized as a profession (Smith & Parker, 2020). The nurse’s role gradually expanded and, by the 1960s, meant providing care for the patient and administration. However, the importance of taking into account the perspective of the patient and the experience in life becomes immutable.
The Image of Nursing in the Mid-20th Century
As for the way nurses worked in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s, it is essential to note that professionals enjoyed little public respect. However, the Civil Rights Act, enacted in 1964, brought racial and gender diversity to the profession and increased autonomy and recognition in nursing (Gligor & Domnariu, 2020). This document prohibited any discrimination based on sex, race, religion, or nationality and has had a positive impact on people’s attitudes toward nursing.
It is also important to note that nursing was a female-dominated profession at the time, and their responsibilities consisted of the elementary care of the patient and cleaning of bed linen (Gligor & Domnariu, 2020). The staff’s clothing was white and included uniforms and caps. Nurses did not have autonomy in making decisions at this time, and doctors strictly followed the basic treatment rules. To be even more precise, the nurse’s task was to treat the patient, help maintain hygiene, and administer prescribed medicines.
The Most Influential Accomplishment in Nursing Theory
Since the 1950s and 1960s, the nursing industry has experienced many changes that have led to many achievements. In comparison, Virginia Henderson, Dorothy Johnson, and Hildegard Peplau’s level theories focus on the need for communication and empathy with patients, and the specialist can provide holistic care for them (Im & Lee, 2018). In this case, special attention is paid to the patient’s interpersonal relations, as well as to his behavior and needs, and satisfaction becomes the top priority for the nurse. Thus, over time, the world has become more humane and has paid increasing attention to the moral dimension of the human being. Human opinion is becoming increasingly valued worldwide, which is evident in Orlando’s theory, even though it refers to a time further away from this year.
Conclusion
In conclusion, one can say that Orlando’s nursing theory is one of the most interesting to consider in medical practice. This concept focuses on the patient’s morale during care. These factors are essential in providing holistic assistance that will yield promising results in the future.
Considering the case study of Susan and Sam, the nurse, in this case, develops a treatment plan that would consider the man’s different needs. He emphasizes the importance of supporting Susan and involving relatives who can help in a difficult situation. These factors show that the world is becoming increasingly tolerant and humane, where humanity pays excellent attention to the human condition.
Asserting one’s point of view is an essential advantage of modern man, and medical professionals also emphasize maximum freedom. This is because the 1950s and 1960s were turning points for America due to the threat of the Cold War and nuclear war, which caused changes in various spheres of society. The nurses are finally being talked about as professionals who also need to be taught different skills and theories, and this trend is increasing every day, which is a positive result.
References
Gaudet, C., & Howett, M. (2018). Communication and technology: Ida Orlando’s theory applied. Nursing Science Quarterly, 31(4), 369–373. Web.
Gligor, L., & Domnariu, C. D. (2020). Patient care approach using nursing theories – comparative analysis of Orem’s self-care deficit theory and Henderson’s model. Acta Medica Transilvanica, 25(2), 11–14. Web.
Im, E.-O., & Lee, Y. (2018). Transcultural nursing: Current trends in theoretical works. Asian Nursing Research, 12(3), 157–165. Web.
Mudd, A., Feo, R., Conroy, T., & Kitson, A. (2020). Where and how does fundamental care fit within seminal nursing theories: A narrative review and synthesis of key nursing concepts. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(19–20), pp. 3652–3666. Web.
Smith, M. C., & Parker, M. E. (2020). Nursing theories and nursing practice. Read Chapter, 5.