Orem’s theory of nursing includes three parts: self-care theory, self-care deficit theory, and nursing system theory. The first theory explains the actions that patients take on their own to support life, well-being, and development. The second theory has to do with prescribing care for people who are unable or limited to provide self-care. Then, a third theory looks at the relationship between nurse and patient. Health Promotion Theory by Nola Pender is a model that promotes health and sees it as a positive dynamic state. This paper aims to compare the two theories in terms of their application in nursing practice.
Santos et al. (2018) reviewed the use of the Health Promotion Theory by Nola Pender to vaccinate adolescents, noting that this theory proved to be more effective than traditional nursing interventions. Scientists have highlighted the importance of more informed and versatile nursing interventions within the framework of the theory. Ali (2018) examined the possibility of applying the Self-Care Nursing theory by Dorothea Orem to address the circumstances of the self-care deficit of patients. The author turned to the role of a nurse, which is detailed in the theory, and assessed the effectiveness of the theory for the further recovery of the patient. Tasneem (2020) examined the application of the Self-Care Nursing theory by Dorothea Orem to describe the possibilities of working with an immobilized patient and identified this theory as extremely useful.
Thus, two theories were compared, and their practical application was discussed. Self-Care Nursing theory by Dorothea Orem is most applicable to working with patients when they have problems with self-care, mobility, or disabilities. At the same time, Health Promotion Theory by Nola Pender introduces the concept of health promotion as a dynamic state of well-being. This theory can be applied to the creation of various strategic initiatives promoting preventive practices.
References
Ali, B. H. I. (2018). Application of Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory on psychiatric patient. Annals of Nursing and Practice, 5(1), 1-3.
da Silva Santos, A., Amaral Viana, M. C., Camelo Chaves, E. M., de Morais Bezerra, A., Gonçalves Júnior, J., & Ribeiro Tamboril, A. C. (2018). Educational technology based on Nola Pender: Promoting adolescent health. Journal of Nursing UFPE/Revista de Enfermagem UFPE, 12(2), 1-13.
Tasneem, S. (2020). Application of Dorothea Orem Theory of Self Care for patients with chronic illnesses; A Case Study Report.