Introduction
The literature review is essential to the development of a project, especially when working with a medical profession like nursing. Light of current pieces of evidence, elements, concepts, and theories on the topic of research, provides the researcher with a deeper understanding and a broader perspective. The integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) into the everyday practice of medical practitioners has the potential to enhance both the practice environment and patient outcomes (Cleary-Holdforth et al., 2021). Nurses must increase their level of information, standardize their practices, and enhance patient outcomes. Thus, nurses should base their clinical decisions on the finest and most recent accessible research information.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact EBP has on patient care and nurses’ professional competence. In addition, it will contribute to the understanding of how nurses’ sense of achievement inspires them to offer better patient care. This will be through comparing the questions of the study, sample populations, and constraints of the studies reviewed in the literature evaluation table.
Comparison of Research Questions
The eight publications’ research questions were consistent with the PICOT statement. Six of the papers’ study topics intended to evaluate how the implementation of EBP training among nurses increases the patient satisfaction rate across the hospital. In the first piece, the researchers sought to investigate the level of EBP knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs among Irish healthcare providers (Cleary-Holdforth et al., 2021, p. 379). The first research question also sought to determine the beliefs, knowledge, and implementation of EBP among clinicians, educators, and students, as well as the organizational culture of clinical and educational settings (Yoo, et al., 2019). This question was nearly identical to that of the second article, as it likewise sought to determine the contribution of EBP training on improving performance on patient satisfaction levels among ED patients (Skaggs, et al., 2018). The article aimed to answer the question of whether nursing bundle intervention improves patient healthcare satisfaction. The research study deduced that training on nursing bundles has a beneficial effect on patient satisfaction, and the length of time patients spend on hospital grounds may influence their impression of satisfaction.
The third, fifth, sixth, and seventh articles’ study questions attempted to determine the nurses’ burnout and its relationship to the EBP implementation (Weheida et al., 2018, p. 27). While the third article’s study question was to assist the researchers to examine burnout and related risk factors among nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic, the other three focused on its relationship with EBP implementation. The eighth article’s study question was “to identify clinical nurses’ evidence-based practice (EBP) knowledge, beliefs, organizational readiness, and EBP implementation levels, and to determine the factors that affect EBP implementation to successfully establish EBP” (Yoo et al., 2019, para. 1). The research question found that nurses demonstrated poor levels of EBP beliefs, knowledge, and organization readiness.
Comparison of Sample Populations
Four of the studies’ sample populations were derived from a review of previous research and publications that investigated the nurses’ burnout, and other related risk factors and the relationship between nurses’ burnout and the implemented EBP guidelines (Rusca, 2019; Rodríguez-Nogueira, et al., 2021). There is no mention of the sample population in the first article. The sample population for the second includes 140 staff for Emergency Department including 197 patients. In the majority of research, the size of the sample population was quite large. The sample population for the third, and the fourth papers consisted of a relatively large number of individuals, that is, 18,935, and 2,344 respectively (Galanis et al., 2021, para. 1; Melnyk et al., 2018, p. 16). The fifth, sixth, and eighth articles had an almost close sample population.
Comparison of the Limitations of the Study
Even though the eight studies do not describe their limits explicitly, one drawback can be deduced from the number of the research sample population. The third and fourth articles comprise significantly large numbers. Even though a larger sample would be necessary to improve the generalizability of the results, it would be more representative of the population’s demographic characteristics. It is acknowledged, however, that recruiting a bigger sample would have enormously increased the research costs for qualitative investigations. This limitation will be addressed by selecting a comparative number of participants while considering cost, convenience, and time constraints. All eight articles have only concentrated on the level and extent of EBP training, attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge. The studies have not shown how the implementation of EBP has contributed to better satisfaction. This problem is addressed by assessing the impact EBP has on patient care and the professional competence of nurses. In addition, it will contribute to the understanding of how nurses’ sense of achievement inspires them to offer better patient care.
Conclusion
The implementation of EBP training for nurses boosts the hospital’s patient satisfaction rate. Since the training adds to both emotional state and higher professional competence, a six-hour intervention program should result in a greater sense of personal success, decreased burnout rates, and improved health care service. EBP enhances patient care since nurses utilize the most recent scientific knowledge to care for and treat both individuals and communities. In addition, EBP utilizes data that corresponds to a patient’s state so that nurses may pinpoint the most effective care options, hence enhancing the recovery rate. Since all eight articles have only concentrated on the level and extent of EBP training, attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge, the studies have not shown how the implementation of EBP has contributed to better satisfaction. We recommend that this research should address the impact EBP has on patient care and the professional competence of nurses. It should also address how nurses’ sense of achievement inspires them to offer better patient care.
References
Cleary‐Holdforth, J., O’Mathúna, D., & Fineout‐Overholt, E. (2021). Evidence‐based practice beliefs, implementation, and organizational culture and readiness for EBP among nurses, midwives, educators, and students in the Republic of Ireland. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 18(6), 379-388.
Galanis, P., Vraka, I., Fragkou, D., Bilali, A., & Kaitelidou, D. (2021). Nurses’ burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(8), 3286-3302.
Melnyk, B. M., Gallagher‐Ford, L., Zellefrow, C., Tucker, S., Thomas, B., Sinnott, L. T., & Tan, A. (2018). The first US study on nurses’ evidence‐based practice competencies indicates major deficits that threaten healthcare quality, safety, and patient outcomes. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 15(1), 16-25.
Rodríguez-Nogueira, Ó., Leirós-Rodríguez, R., Pinto-Carral, A., Álvarez-Álvarez, M., Morera-Balaguer, J., & Moreno-Poyato, A. R. (2021). Examining the association between evidence-based practice and burnout among Spanish physical therapists: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(8), 805.
Rusca, K. (2019). Prevalence of burnout syndrome among nurses in general hospitals in provincial East Java: Cross-sectional study. Enfermeria Clinica, 29, 362-366.
Skaggs, M. K. D., Daniels, J. F., Hodge, A. J., & DeCamp, V. L. (2018). Using the evidence-based practice service nursing bundle to increase patient satisfaction. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 44(1), 37-45.
Weheida, S. M., Al-Metyazidy, H. A., & Abou Ramadan, A. H. (2018). Relationship between nurses’ burnout and implemented evidence-based guidelines in intensive care units. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 7(2), 27-35. Web.
Yoo, J. Y., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. S., Kim, H. L., & Ki, J. S. (2019). Clinical nurses’ beliefs, knowledge, organizational readiness and level of implementation of evidence-based practice: The first step to creating an evidence-based practice culture. PloS One, 14(12).