In contemporary society, the heath of the nation if one of the major concerns as it impacts the functioning of fundamental institutions. The healthcare sector and government, as providers of interventions needed for people to recover, play a vital role in the new environment aimed at the promotion of the...
Vaccination becomes a disputable issue these days. Society is divided into two camps: those who support this practice and those who are sure that it can pose a threat to the health of their children. To understand the problem better, you should realize the arguments offered by both sides and...
Cancer is a fairly common disease in the modern world that appears because of the bad habits of people and environmental factors. Sometimes cancer occurs due to genetic or other reasons unrelated to a person’s lifestyle; however, most often, men and women themselves increase the risk of developing this disease...
Discussions about whether or not the implementation of the legal market of human organs should take place have a considerable number of involved scholars and stakeholders. Scholars’ works cover a plethora of aspects within the scope of the issue. However, there is a distinguishable split in the academic dimension about...
Introduction The article, “Why Medical Professionals have no Moral Claim to Conscientious Objection Accommodation in Liberal Democracies” by Udo Schuklenk and Ricardo Smalling presents critical arguments that different stakeholders in the field of medicine should examine from an informed perspective. The authors begin by explaining why clinicians should be aware...
Public Health Theory: Supporting Implementation and Health Promotion Since the program aimed at managing the issue of obesity implies altering patients’ behaviors and eating habits, a model that encourages change is required for managing the situation. Therefore, change-oriented public health theories will have to be considered. Because of the necessity...
One of the main aims that every developed and civilized country tends to pursue is providing its citizens with an effective healthcare system. In the United States, the primary legal source that regulates relations and dictates policy in the mentioned sphere is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)....
Introduction Religion, as an integral component of society, has an impact on nearly every aspect of its life. Together with the cultural peculiarities of different ethnic groups, religion can have a significant impact on the process of care as well as communication with patients and their relatives. Therefore, a nurse...
Introduction Anxiety is a state of involuntary alarm as a response to a sense of danger or threat. Among the notable anxiety disorders include fear, anxiety, worry, panic attacks, phobias, and GAD. Fear Fear is the immediate state of alarm as a response to any threat to the well-being of...
Researchable Problem The process of identifying a researchable problem can significantly impact the following steps of conducting a study. The feasibility of the final question and its elements can either simplify or complicate the search of information and the outcomes of research. Thus, prior to formulating the main research problem,...
People of different ages suffer from psychological and physiological issues throughout various stages of their lives. Depression is one of those problems, and it can have severe effects on one’s life and health. According to LeVine (2010), depression is “a transitory mood or emotion experiences at various times by all...
Business Practices Patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) has become one of the core aspects of a nursing profession since nurses must have a fundamental understanding of this approach and its effect on patient satisfaction. The Institute for Patient- and Family-Centered Care defines PFCC as “an approach to the planning, delivery,...
Introduction Cultural competency is essential for a nurse working with a multicultural population. The psychiatry department is particularly exposed to the influence of cultural particularities of the clients due to the active intrusion of mental health interventions into the life of an individual. Therefore, it is important to ensure the...
Introduction The given project provides an opportunity to generate additional knowledge demanded to succeed in the selected field. My area of specialization is applied behavior analysis (ABA), which means that I am interested in the investigation of various behavior disorders and problems that precondition the alteration of people’s reactions and...
Dementia is an expansive term that includes a few degenerative conditions that are characterized by critical mental debilitation. Loss of memory, changes in the dialect, conduct, and judgment prompts significant hindrance of daily activities in an individual. While progression in quality of life has been effective in extending life expectancy,...
Educational interventions for parents aimed at increasing the physical activity of their school-aged children are of key importance today. Although the growth of the rate of obese children has been stopped, the prevalence of childhood obesity remains alarming as approximately 17% of American children are diagnosed with this health condition...
Introduction Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) can be regarded as rather complex systems that include physicians, healthcare facilities or hospitals, and insurance companies. In the United States, these systems develop in the context of managed care practices, and individuals pay monthly fees in order to receive healthcare services (Toseef, Jensen, &...
Today, numerous members of the global community are in a rush and often do not have enough time to enjoy a homemade meal. Besides, not everyone can afford a high-quality pricy meal at a restaurant while being on the move. Fast food venues offer a quick and affordable way of...
Cardiovascular diseases (CD) compose one of the most critical health concerns in the US, and California is not an exception. The search on the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) website revealed that Hispanic and Latino populations of California are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. In particular, 26...
The incidence and prevalence of such diseases as cancer, hypertension, and diabetes (as well as the peculiarities of other illnesses) have been properly examined in the USA. Researchers and practitioners have extensive data on the major symptoms, risk factors, threats, vulnerable populations, and other meaningful details associated with various disorders...
Obesity among the adolescents has become a nation-wide issue, which is comparable to cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Studies from 2013-2014 indicate that “16.9% of children in the United States were classified as obese, with prevalence being highest at ages 12-19” (Cheung, Cunningham, Naraya, & Kramer, 2016, p. 1). Considering the...
Introduction The cultural aspect plays a significant role in communication among individuals. This fact is especially apparent when people come from different backgrounds and have different value systems and customs of life. Religion is a central component of the issue, as many of the fundamental principles in any society are...
Introduction Counseling is associated with various ethical issues that may lead to adverse effects for the client, the counselor, or a third party. Informed consent is often regarded as a method to address many problems closely linked to such areas as confidentiality, clients’ safety, and well-being, as well as other...
Introduction to the client situation Borrowing from the film The Suicide Tourist, one of the hardest things to do is to counsel a terminally ill patient. As Dierickx, Deliens, Cohen, and Chambaere (2017) note, many terminally ill patients often request to be euthanized. Many US states do not allow euthanasia...
Problem Statement It is worth noting that falls among senior adults are a common phenomenon. Most senior people who live at home fall at least once a year. Such a situation can be observed with those individuals who live in nursing homes as well. In the USA, falls are one...
Abstract In this paper, the issues concerning the possible ways of early diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorder are discussed. Current research on autism and its early detection is impacted by the growing number of people with the disorder who might be underdiagnosed throughout their lifespan. The impairments in cognitive and...
Introduction The gap in Healthcare Delivery Ensuring the improved outcomes within the sphere of mental health for veterans is among the critical healthcare priorities due to the high intensity of the work they have done as well as the range of adverse consequences that occur as a result of it....
Introduction Obesity is a crucial concern that should be addressed on the national level. It affects both children and adults, and the problem is becoming more acute every decade. This fact reveals that there is a need to develop policies aimed at decreasing the prevalence of the condition among the...
The current major healthcare issue in the U.S. is the healthcare system itself. The nation is more aligned with a sick care system than a health care system, which aims to manage disease than improve health (TEDMED, 2012). Therefore, it gives little consideration to other predisposing factors, such as food...
Introduction A patient information system in mental health care is a necessary tool which maintains data of patients who suffer from mental health problems and the treatments they receive. World Health Organization claims that a mental health information system is “a system for action” (Mental Health Information Systems). Thus, mental...
Family plays an important role in every aspect of a person’s life including healthcare. On the one hand, the family can provide the necessary support for patients and have a positive impact on treatment compliance, which is frequently used as a tool of impact on the patients’ decision by healthcare...
The provision of care to people suffering from chronic conditions is often associated with the focus on pain management. Such patients tend to endure constant or frequent pain, which hurts their quality of life (Schmidt, 2016). One of the most effective ways to assist these patients is to provide educational...
Introduction Today, millions of people die because of medical errors and poorly organized safety issues in hospitals and other medical facilities. The question of patient safety remains an urgent point for consideration among researchers from different parts of the world. In the United States, more than 250,000 people die annually;...
The ultimate goal of healthcare services in the US is to ensure that all individuals receive the highest quality of care at the most affordable costs possible. Equality in access is also exceedingly important because the availability of services plays a defining role in whether patients will receive the care...
Introduction Fall prevention is one of the major health concerns regarding the provision of geriatric care. Falls remain the major factor leading to injury in the elderly that can have diverse negative effects on patients’ wellbeing. Soft robotics is one of the solutions to address the problem and improve older...
Endometriosis is a pathology of the female reproductive system in which the tissue of the uterine lining (endometrium) begins to penetrate the underlying structures (myometrium). The ailment also affects neighboring organs (fallopian tubes) and even far away areas of the body (lungs, liver). At the same time, foci of the...
Types of Study Used in the Articles All of the articles under consideration present the findings of the original research. Walker, Farzan, Gaydos, DeCastro, and Jonassaint (2016) apply qualitative analysis to discover the perceptions of Hydroxyurea among patients suffering from sickle-cell disease (SCD). This study applies the context analysis framework...
Qualitative Methodology and Design In their study, Walker, Farzan, Gaydos, DeCastro, and Jonassaint (2016) discussed the perceptions of Hydroxyurea among patients suffering from the sickle-cell disease (SCD). Since the authors of the study focused primarily on the qualitative aspects of the issue, the qualitative research method was preferred. Particularly, an...
Executive Summary Akron Children’s Hospital is one of the leading pediatric hospitals in Northeastern Ohio. This case study will examine the hospital’s background, offering an insight into its operations, facilities, and financial solvency. Furthermore, information will be introduced on the other competitive practices in the area, leading to the managerial...
Introduction The 2010 IOM report is the result of a massive collaborative effort performed by the IOM (Institute of Medicine) and the RWJF (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation). The two-year initiative, which was launched in 2008, was aimed to assess, analyze, and transform the nursing profession at its core, starting with...
The Process of Mitosis and Cancer Development Cancer refers to a range of diseases that involve the development and proliferation of abnormal cells. This illness is closely related to the process of mitosis, and more specifically to the errors occurring during this process. Generally, mitosis is only one stage of...
Homeostasis is the state of equilibrium that is necessary for the functioning of a living organism. Several systems within the human body, such as the endocrine and the cardiovascular system, maintain it. These systems’ function is critical to survival, as disruptions to their ability to maintain this equilibrium can cause...
Workplace incivility in the nursing profession is a significant issue that contributes to stress, burnout, and turnover. According to the review provided by Mikaelian and Stanley (2016), external factors surrounding care, contribute to nursing burnout more than actual patient care. The examples of incivility include workplace bullying, rudeness, making unfounded...
Uninsured patients represent a target demographic of patients that do not have health coverage. The problem is high on the agenda because the United States is the only industrialized country that does not offer universal and all-encompassing health insurance to all people, and the coverage has been changing and deteriorating...
Marijuana use for recreation and medical care has broadened across the USA, along with the legalization in many states. Still, the debates about its use, side effects, and addiction problem continue. The analysis of the research abstracts published during the last three years shows that the concerns of the scholars...
Joe Biden Providing American citizens with affordable healthcare was the primary objective of Barack Obama. With his Affordable Care Act, he partially solved the issue. However, the challenge of receiving healthcare services persists because of high costs. Joe Biden, who is running for president, aims to use the Affordable Care...
According to Imogene King, nurses are supposed to attain, maintain, and regain a healthy state of the patient. Theory of goal Attainment discusses how the main goals of a client are achieved through nurse-patient interaction and are based on her own nursing philosophy and experience. Born on January 30, 1923,...
Abstract Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that has challenged the healthcare sphere for more than a century. Being one of the most widespread inherited conditions, its prevalence may depend on environmental factors associated with a geographic area or parents being carriers of the genetic translocation. At this time, the...
One should imagine how a dose of food passes through the entire system. Any bolus starts its journey from the mouth where the jaw breaks down the food into pieces. Next shredded food goes through a windpipe, the so-called esophagus, to the stomach. The stomach works like a container that...
Google is one of the largest companies in the world with many products and services satisfying various needs of customers. One of the latest projects is the cloud storage of electronic medical records (Rosenbaum, 2020). Google’s goal is to create a repository and search tool in which doctors can easily...
Introduction Addison’s disease (AD) is also called primary adrenal insufficiency or hypoadrenocorticism (HA).1 It is a disorder of the adrenal glands, which are located near the kidneys. The glands are responsible for producing hormones – aldosterone and cortisol.1 The hormones’ purpose is to control the water balance of the body,...
Role and Relationship Even though significant progress has taken place in nursing science, further advances must be made in order to retain service quality at a high level. Innovative solutions and discoveries are needed to promote improvements and adjust services to patient-specific needs. Descriptive epidemiology (DE), in turn, assists in...
Introduction: Microdermabrasion ─ Types and Indications Microdermabrasion (MDA) is one of the newest methods of facial treatment applied in modern esthetic courses to remove dead skin cells. This safe and non-invasive skin rejuvenation tool works by “mechanical exfoliation of the stratum corneum” (Papazian and Saba 55). After the procedure, the...
At-risk Population Despite numerous attempts at managing the problem of obesity, it remains a common concern in a range of communities. The World Health Organization (2018) specifies that obesity affects 650,000,000 people globally. Despite multiple efforts made to combat the disorder and encourage proper eating habits, the number of people...
Within the aboriginal Canadian population, there are many distinct cultural groups and nations. Inuit peoples, who are considered to be the “original inhabitants of the Arctic regions,” are one of them (National Collaborating Center for Aboriginal Health [NCCAH], 2013, p. 2). The total size of the given ethnic group is...
Nowadays, a range of approaches to the treatment of medical conditions is used in countries with developed economies such as Canada. In this regard, complementary and alternative therapies should not be confused since the former are not in conflict with the existing knowledge in the field of medicine, whereas the...
The object of the summary is the chapter “A Time to Choose” from the book by Hilts Rx for Survival: Why We Must Rise to the Global Health Challenge. In this text, the author presents personal reasoning and arguments relating to such an important issue as the relationship between globalization...
Introduction Abortion is a controversial topic in numerous parts of the world. Concerns exist over the procedure’s safety and potential risks, but they are not significant enough to affect its popularity or legality noticeably. Most of the world’s governments, including that of the United States, permit the performance of the...
Introduction Hygiene and overall safety of spa salons are critically important due to the fact that customers are vulnerable to a number of dangers. Risk assessment process is an essential part of evaluating the overall cleanliness and safety measures present at the given site. When using a sauna or spa,...
Introduction In order to achieve the positive outcomes of medical interventions and implement all the therapeutic tasks efficiently, it is required to ensure high-quality interaction among caregivers and families. Such contacts contribute to complete understanding between two parties and allow obtaining the most accurate picture of a particular health problem....
Introduction Universal healthcare is an extremely controversial socio-political topic in the United States. The term implies a healthcare system that provides broad and extensive coverage to all citizens and residents of the country. With the current market-based healthcare system experiencing many failures and becoming unsustainable in the long term, the...
The identified case involves a patient who has a “Do Not Resuscitate” tattoo. The 70-year old individual has a history of atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive pulmonary disease. The efforts practitioners undertook to increase his consciousness level were unsuccessful, thereby being unable to engage in meaningful discussions regarding the...
The topic of suicide and mental health has always been a complicated one because of the variability in opinions as well as the sensitivity of the subject at hand. Exploring the effect of psychological conditions, such as depression, on suicide is essential in order to understand the nature of the...
Introduction The hypothesis of this study is “maternal perinatal states of depression or anxiety are associated with increased difficulty in the temperament of the baby as perceived by mothers” (Vedova, 2014, p. 520). The available literature shows that the development of children born by mothers suffering from mood or anxiety...
Introduction and Setting the Scene Mental health is among the most significant issues in healthcare in the United Kingdom. In accordance with the Parity of Esteem, a principle set by the NHS, mental health is to be valued to the same extent as the physical health of an individual (Panday...
Hospitals are focusing on transforming the clinical environment to ensure patient safety and quality care through improved shift handoffs. They implement evidence-based interventions at the point of care to minimize the risk of medical errors and incidents and for quality performance consistent with value-based purchasing. Effective nurse-to-nurse information transfer is...
Definition of Cyber-Bullying The advancement of the Internet and the invasion of online communication tools into the everyday life of contemporary people cause new threats to health and safety. Bullying that once was only possible inside organizations or groups now reaches far beyond physical space and emerges in new electronic...
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an international organization aimed at helping people with alcoholism overcome their addiction. It was established in the US in 1938, and since then expanded to include other countries across the world. To achieve their goal, they employ group meetings and a Twelve-Step Program. As a part...
It should be noted that the respiratory system consists of a set of organs that support the function of a person’s external respiration (gas exchange between the inhaled atmospheric air and the circulating blood). Gas exchange occurs in the lungs, and it implies that oxygen from the inhaled air is...
The debate around abortion and its legal and ethical properties have been dominating the spheres of medicine and law for many decades. The supporters of abortion legalization refer to the omnipresence of such procedures in all countries regardless of their legality, and the illegal methods of pregnancy termination are hazardous....
Highlights The spread of HIV in South Africa is a critical issue addressed in the analyzed source. According to statistical information, this issue was relevant as early as 2000 when 4.2 million local people were infected with this dangerous disease (“State of Denial”). Based on the review of other videos,...
The Health Data Management 2008 is a CIO survey that was partially conducted by Quammen Group, a consulting firm, and it refers to the future trends of the Health Management Information Systems (HMIS) industry. HMIS and CIO executives positively evaluate the potential of HMIS growth, discuss budget changes, and emphasize...
Researching the spread of HIV and the dangers of AIDS as the final stage of this disease is an extremely essential task in terms of ensuring public safety and helping at-risk categories. As an object of the study, the theme of HIV/AIDS among African-American women will be addressed as a...
Introduction HIV/AIDS prevalence causes a threat to the well-being and longevity of humanity. The high rates of disease transmission and the severity of its outcomes, which comprise comorbidities and mortality, impose acute ethical conflicts. Massive preventive and controlling programs are initiated worldwide to prevent the spread of the infection and...
Introduction The debate regarding the benefits and risks of stem cell research has been ongoing, with special attention placed on the ethics of the technology. It was proven that stem cells have remarkable characteristics of renewing themselves and become tissue, which is highly beneficial for replacing and repairing organs and...
Introduction The sphere of medical care employs many various professionals, whose duties focus on their clients’ wellbeing. Nurses, doctors, pharmacists, and other specialists are devoted to helping people with their health-related needs. Nonetheless, each medical worker has duties and strategies that are individual to their occupation. For example, one can...
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a longstanding viral infection caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It is characterized by the destruction of T-helper cells in the immune system, thus rendering an individual susceptible to opportunistic infections (VanMeter & Hubert, 2014). AIDS is an infectious disorder that is disseminated by...
Introduction/ Literature Review The research question that Parsons, Baker, Smith-Gorvie, and Hudak (2014) elaborated for the study sounds as follows: “In a situation of language discordance, do Canadian physicians prefer to manage emerging problems independently or seek help from language professionals?” Even though Parson et al. did not specifically study...
Introduction Obesity is a medical term which describes an individual with a large weight and high percentage of body fat, with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30. Obesity is a chronic health condition which is reaching epidemic levels and is directly associated with a number of severe diseases...
Introduction Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) include catheter-associated urinary tract infections, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, surgical site infections, and gastrointestinal infections. The control of hospital-acquired pathogens causing these infections continues to be an unresolved issue for many US hospitals. HAIs are responsible for developing significant complications for patients, including increased length...
Introduction Translational research is a fast-growing field of nursing practice with the help of which it is possible to transform recent scientific findings into new clinical processes. The results may vary, including the possibility to stabilize patient care, promote public health, and reduce the gap between evidence and application (Titler,...
Heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases with high mortality rates in the US. According to the Centers for Control Disease and Prevention, approximately 11% of adults have been diagnosed with heart attack, estimating to 28.2 million Americans (“Heart disease,” 2017)....
Introduction The field of psychiatry is quite complicated since there are no outlines laboratory tests that professionals can use to diagnose mental conditions. This gap explains why it usually impossible for practitioners to identify the possible cause of a specific psychological problem and the best initiatives to treat it. The...
Introduction It is critical for a person conducting research to have the ability to distinguish the key differences between scholarly and popular sources of information. The biggest difference lies in the fact that the overall perspective of academic studies is to be informative, whereas popular sources present their outlook through...
Introduction Health, unlike other phenomena in this world, is not easy to grasp and reason about. Ideas about health emerged not because of spontaneous thinking activities, but because there was a purpose. A surrounding cultural context significantly influenced each notion (Swinton et al., 2015). It is not possible to offer...
Introduction The health of the nation is one of the major concerns of the modern healthcare sector. There are multiple attempts to reduce the incidence of various diseases and ensure that people will benefit from the improved quality of life. From this perspective, the well-being of children acquires the top...
Literature Review The Field of Service The field of mental health issues includes many conditions, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), eating disorders, attention deficit disorder (ADD), and other illnesses. Mental health disorders may be associated with various symptoms, including non-specific ones, such as poor sleep...
Introduction Anxiety is an emotion that is considered an ordinary part of life that is caused and explained by human experiences, unstable environments, and many other internal and external factors. However, there are situations when anxiety becomes a disorder with its specific symptoms and implications for health. In such cases,...
Introduction The completed course has outlined various issues revolving around epidemiology and why it remains an important field for all health professionals and clinical researchers. Since many people and communities encounter diverse challenges that affect their health outcomes negatively, relevant institutions, professionals, and agencies should identify and implement evidence-based studies...
Abstract Epiglottitis is a medical condition that is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis. This condition occurs in both adults and children and presents a serious danger to the life and health of individuals. In particular, the disruption of epiglottis’ normal function may lead to hypoxia and asphyxia,...
This essay is an analysis of the transcript of the TomoWork launch event that tries to extract information about people with disabilities (PWDs) and the various issues they face as they find jobs and adjust to various workplaces throughout their careers. It was written by a notetaker hired by TomoWork...
Introduction Holistic healthcare systems focus on all aspects of a person, including mental, physical, emotional, spiritual, and social wellbeing. Experts in different clinical fields apply their competencies to ensure that all patients record positive experiences and lead high-quality lives. This paper gives a definition of mental illness and explains why...
Introduction The cost and quality of healthcare will vary substantially from one country to another. Such a difference explains why governments should consider the best model to transform the delivery of sustainable medical services. This paper offers a detailed comparison of the US health system with those of Canada, the...
Abstract This paper is a review of the article, “Silence, Power and Communication in the Operating Room” by Gardezi et al. (2009). The article’s major points are summarized and highlights of how the findings could be applied in practice are given. A retrospective study was conducted by the authors in...
Abstract African-American women constitute the most significant population exposed to HIV infection in the USA. They are about 20 times more likely to be HIV positive than white females of the same age range. AIDS as the outcome of the virus infection, as well as cervical cancer and other severe...
Introduction Public safety is one of the foundational standards of managing citizens’ needs, yet it is quite difficult to attain due to the multiple factors that affect public safety negatively. Ranging from health issues to disasters, threats to public safety are often uncontrollable and unpredictable (Purnell, 2018). However, with the...
Demographics Assessment It is essential to start with demographic information analysis to provide a basis for a successful community needs assessment. The population of Sentinel City is 663,862 people whose ages vary from individuals under 5 years constituting 7.4%, under 18 years – 21.7%, and 65 years and older –...
The term beneficence implies all forms of actions aiming at contributing to persons’ welfare. The principles of beneficence appear to be different from those of nonmaleficence. Beneficence requires taking positive actions to help others, whereas nonmaleficence means avoidance of causing harm. It is also necessary to differentiate the concept of...
It is a common assumption that mental health is of little importance in low-income countries such as Uganda. However, the body of evidence showed that the East-African country has been making a conscious effort to introduce tools for enhancing mental health to primary help. Uganda’s government recognized deteriorating mental wellness...
Introduction Kidney stone disease is a severe condition that can be characterized as the formation of crystal concretion within this organ. The complications can lead to renal failure, which is dangerous for a patient. In the case scenario, the development of the kidney stones of the 29 years old patient...
Experimental research design as a part of the scientific method is vital for ensuring the reliability of obtained data. It allows researchers to make a causal statement by observing the relationships between variables. This report presents the concepts associated with experimental research, providing their definitions. Also, the paper shows examples...
Demographics Assessment The total population of Sentinel City is 663,862. Broken down by age, persons under 5 years of age consist of 7.4% of the population, under 18 is 21.7%, and persons 65 and older comprise 10.5%. Racial distribution includes 80.6%, 31.5% Hispanic, 10.4% black, 3.7% Asian, 2% American Indian...