Introduction When conducting a study, it is highly important to choose a research design that suits your scientific goals and the methodology of your research. The main types of research designs include but are not limited to descriptive, correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental. This paper will outline the descriptive research design...
Abstract The study was to ascertain the association between autistic individuals and their capacity to comprehend facial emotion expression. The study recruited two Autistic Traits (AT) groups (N=397, 277 females, 111 males and 9 non-binary, Mean= 20.94, SD=4.18). They were required to complete an Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire and...
The article Beyond East and West considers medicine as a method of studying the history and social development of the South Asian states. An important aspect that Ernst emphasizes is that any historical study is often subject to propaganda or distortion of facts. Initially, Asian medicine was analyzed by the...
Patient safety is a significant public health concern due to the harm caused to patients during care. “Free from Harm” is a report published by the National Safety Council that sought to recognize the progress made in patient safety and offer recommendations that would accelerate progress. One recommendation made in...
Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains one of the most prevalent and serious chronic health conditions in the US, currently affecting more than 37 million Americans (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021). However, out of the affected population, minority groups have a disproportionally higher risk of developing the disease....
Managed care refers to health insurance systems in which insurance companies create contracts with service providers to offer services at reduced costs. Because of this, one scenario in which managed care constitutes a viable solution is the family’s need for high-cost interventions, such as surgical oncology services for a child....
Treatment regimen An article by de Matos et al. (2021) describes a regimen with two treatment groups, and one control group experienced a low-calorie diet. The first treatment group received Vaccaria mustard seeds, which acted on points in the ears. Physicians chose all points under the classical options proposed by...
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common approach used to treat depression. It has been linked to lessening the severity of depressive symptoms due to its interventions’ ability to replace negative thoughts with more positive ones. In addition, CBT has been identified as a better treatment method than antidepressants due to...
Critical Review: Approaches to Understanding and Classifying Mental Disorder The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) of mental disorders is not a valid tool for classifying psychiatric disorders with respect to the scale’s etiology. There is a contentious issue on the possibility of finding a predominant cause of mental disorders due...
The healthcare system is grappling globally with rising costs and uneven quality of healthcare services. Previously, quality healthcare service was only available to those who could afford it in the facility. As a result, many people have suffered significant losses in terms of healthcare, which resulted in a progressive reduction...
Summary M. is a 65-year-old male admitted to the ICU following a radical neck dissection and tracheostomy for treatment of laryngeal cancer. P.M. is currently on a mechanical ventilator and sedated. However, he does open his eyes and squeeze your hand on command. Auscultation of his lungs reveals bilateral wheezes....
At first glance, spirituality and healthcare might seem like incompatible concepts. The field of medicine is based on science, meticulous empirical research and is the ultimate expression of man’s triumph over nature. On the other hand, spirituality and religion are in many ways of vestige of more primitive times when...
Public health depends on a number of criteria, for instance, the level of funding, the involvement of professional staff, accessibility, and many other aspects. Based on the results presented on the official HealthyPeople.gov website, one can highlight individual areas with significant progress, as well as those where performance has declined...
Introduction The response of medieval Europeans to the Black Death was varied. For example, Bonnaccio (1920) notes that many people were leaving largely populated places, such as trading cities and capitals, and moving to the countryside en masse. According to him, “men and women in great numbers left the city,...
Lifestyle medicine began as an element of physicians’ internal medical use and is now used to supplement traditional treatment. Physicians also use lifestyle medicine as a training tactic to encourage patients to take a more active role in their care (Tomlinson, 2020). Physician lifestyle modification coaching entails health behavior change...
Teamwork is where a group of people collaborate to achieve the desired goal. Unity is essential because it helps people build working friendships as they work, understands each other, and do jobs correctly. Collaboration is critical when used in hospitals since it enables the patients to receive the best services...
Introduction Infant mortality is among the most evident and acute threats during the early phase of human development, and the reasons thereof are an important topic to study. Moreover, the disparities in infant mortality may demonstrate the lack of equal access to healthcare opportunities and, thus, indicate the larger problems...
The idea of value-based purchasing (VBP) is intended to encourage hospitals to provide higher-quality care for inpatients so that the latter would generally have a better healthcare experience. On the most basic level, VBP is a form of performance management that seeks to tie the quality of care in a...
Introduction A health promotion plan is vital for facilitating community wellness through healthy practices. This promotion plan is tailored to Columbian parents, teenagers, and school representatives. The main goal of this plan is to educate the audience on practical strategies that can minimize teenage pregnancies, which have been a significant...
Compounded Complex Trauma Compounded complex trauma is a disorder that manifests itself when people experience several traumatic incidents in their lives. It can refer to multiple terrifying events occurring at the same time. Moreover, the reason it persists is that human beings have memories naturally, which enable them to remember...
The article Pharmacological Treatment of Adult Bipolar Disorder by Baldessarini et al. focuses on the treatment of bipolar disorder, including mania. The authors describe the progress that has occurred in treatment over the past decades. However, some difficulties in considering approaches to the problem remain. These difficulties include lack of...
Introduction The report discusses the history of the U.S. healthcare system; it presents the most significant political, legal, and regulatory factors that have contributed to the current U.S. healthcare system state. Additionally, the paper compares the differences in spending patterns based on GDP and infant mortality as metrics between the...
Identifications of Symptoms The famous actor Leonardo Dicaprio is one of the stars who is open about his clinical disorder. He suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which is manifested, in this particular case, in the following symptoms. Leonardo experiences mild or moderate compulsions on a regular basis that imply that...
Introduction Over the past few years, there have been increased cases of type 2 diabetes in the United States. It is approximated that every 2 out of 10 individuals in the United States had this infection between 2013 and 2016. The number of youths with type 2 diabetes has increased...
Nowadays, there is still an urgent need to improve healthcare and make sure that morbidity and mortality rates are decreased. In order to achieve that, it is required to implement various initiatives and action plans that are aimed at both increasing the competence and skills of medical providers and making...
Trauma-Informed Care: Benefits Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among people subjected to highly stressful and threatening events, war being the prime example (National Institute of Mental Health). The overall wellness strategy recommended by the VA and DOD for PTSD is trauma-informed care (TIC). It constitutes strengths-based treatment, which “embraces...
Eftekhari, A., Ruzek, J. I., Crowley, J. J., Rosen, C. S., Greenbaum, M. A., & Karlin, B. E. (2013). Effectiveness of national implementation of prolonged exposure therapy in Veterans Affairs care. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(9), 949-955. Web. The main purpose of the study is to understand the impact and effectiveness of...
A patient had an acute health issue that was treated in our unit, but her tests revealed her positive cancer status. The patient displayed evident depression symptoms, so, as a nurse, I had to help the patient to improve her mental state. Pitman et al. (2018) note that approximately 50%...
Introduction Symptoms including a racing heart, shallow breaths, and excessive perspiration are common in severe anxiety and panic disorder. These attacks can cause extreme anxiety in some people, leading to terror. Panic attacks can be curbed with counseling and anti-anxiety drugs. Severe anxiety and panic disorder denote abnormal psychological problems...
Introduction To begin with, it seems crucial for the health sector’s workers to acquire skills of using data, experience, and knowledge to describe patients’ phenomena they encounter. In other words, nurses need to utilize the theories efficiently and base their own facts on the statistics and information they receive during...
Advocacy is fundamental for advanced practice nurses (APNS) to promote solutions to health concerns in society. Hassmiller and Pulcini (2020) suggest that APNs should advocate broadly to influence the legislative and regulative barriers. Hence, in the U.S., advocacy is a crucial part of graduate education for APNs. APNs should be...
California is the only Western state with the red color of the practice environment. This means that nurse practitioners (NPs) are prohibited from providing care to patients without the supervision of a physician. What is more, in such states, the work experience of NPs does not matter because the NP...
A nursing philosophy is a declaration that terms a nurse’s values, views, and morals and their incentive for joining the arena. It deliberates a nurse’s education, practice, and patient maintenance morals from their perspective. Nursing philosophy can help someone recognize the theories and beliefs that impact their choices on the...
California is infamous for the growing record number of homeless people in the state. Orange County occupies a special place in this problem, where the unhoused population has grown by almost 50% in two years by 2019. Besides, a third (31.2%) of those people were identified with having mental health...
Problem Statement Budget cuts and decreased resources affected Sarah’s RN’s job at the hospital where she worked. Nurses, who comprise most healthcare workers, are particularly vulnerable to cost-cutting measures. Economic downturns can disrupt the nursing labor market, resulting in long-term shortages of qualified nurses. Nurse burnout and fatigue can be...
The benefits of technology in the medical field are vast, from treatment to disease research, and from radiography to cure research. As highlighted by Stai et al. (2019), the use digital healthcare technologies like robotics, artificial intelligence, nuclear imaging, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) have made diagnoses and...
Nursing is the largest healthcare profession in the USA, but there are only about 12,000 Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners (PMHNP), and America experiences a shortage of professionals in this field. Two leading authorities regulate nurse practitioners’ work in the USA – The Joint Subcommittee of the Medical Board and...
It is hard to disagree that advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) still face many challenges in their practice, which may influence on their overall performance and experiences with clients. The necessity of addressing the issues and structuring the different systems in the advanced nursing practice is recognized, and there were...
Nursing students often encounter patients with mental health issues; thus, prerequisite knowledge about mental health and illness is essential. Background in mental health deprives the fear and uncertainties nurses might encounter in hospitals. I do not fear anything about mental health nursing because it is inseparable from nursing practice. I...
As the age of family members increases, so do the chances of developing neurological illnesses like Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s association estimated that 5.7 million Americans had Alzheimer’s dementia in 2018 (367). When one of the family members develops such an illness, it may have detrimental effects not only on the...
Introduction Working in an elderly care facility as a nurse aide, I am assigned a 75-year-old male patient who had recently lost his wife. Mr. James is labeled a difficult resident and constantly clashes with the nurses and other patients. He is also an insulin dependent diabetic with severe hypertension...
The variance of a practicing doctor is a severe problem in medicine, as it carries serious consequences, although the reason may be insignificant. The variance of the practitioner is often associated with laziness or the unwillingness of the medical service provider to work, in connection with which various incidents may...
Introduction This paper highlights the experiences of elderly people living in nursing homes. The interviewees were a couple married for 56 years and living in a nursing home for the last five years. Mrs. Brown is a black woman married to a white man who has stood by her and...
It is hard to disagree that healthcare plays an essential role in modern society. Although all people require quality, cost-effective, accessible, and timely care, many weaknesses and gaps in this sphere may prevent some patients from receiving it. For example, there is a lack of healthcare providers, including advanced practice...
Video Johns Hopkins Clinic suggests that a multidisciplinary team is the best type of team to treat burn victims. Thus, it is worth mentioning that the clinic has world-renowned nurses and physical therapists who provide professional assistance to people who have received scars (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2019). This is related...
Mental and physical health forms the underpinning of a happy and fulfilling life. Equable access to high-quality healthcare services is indicative of high standards of living. Despite the US government’s best efforts to do away with inequalities in the healthcare system, disparities in accessibility and health outcomes regarding the treatment...
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious condition associated with brain development and the perception of socialization and interaction. There are several distinctly different symptoms that patients with autism might have. First, children demonstrated poor language skills that are acquired later than usual. Second, repetitive body movements like rocking...
The health and well-being of some populations in the United States are not adequately addressed, and some communities suffer from substantial disparities. As a result, the members of these communities have worse health outcomes when compared to other communities. The population of Latino women in the United States suffers from...
It is common knowledge that a person’s eating habits can directly affect their health. Some products, such as vegetables, have positive outcomes, and other products, such as fast food, have more negative effects. However, most products like chocolate can differently influence the human body. The impact of chocolate on one’s...
Introduction The ongoing coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected many people in the United Kingdom (UK), including mental health nurses, psychologists, and therapists. The first months of the pandemic triggered unprecedented changes in care delivery in the country. The level of panic also increased since the global community was...
Looking at literary works from the perspective of the concept of point of view, one can determine how the author’s perceptions affect the narrative. In particular, it should be remembered that fiction is not a report of facts but rather represents the author’s view of described events and their interpretation....
Nervous breakdown condition arises from traumatic events like natural calamities, somber accidents, which have a likelihood of causing death. It is a syndrome that affects people of all categories, including ethnic groups, different nationalities, and at any given age distribution. Patients with the condition are likely to go through highly...
Introduction Many mental health officers and doctors often exclude ethical principles such as beneficence, respect, non-maleficence and justice when mentally ill patients are concerned. The underlying reason for this exclusion is that these doctors consider the mentally ill patients to be people who cannot understand or even appreciate these key...
Introduction Understanding the demeanors of patients within patient-physician dyad is critical to addressing their progress through behavior. Andersen’s behavioral model is effective in conceptualizing this interactive indulgence. Originally, this theoretical approach would valuably give representation of sociological constructs (Petrovic & Blank, 2015). Over the years, the tactic has evolved to...
Introduction Every year, millions of children around the world become victims of sexual abuse, which makes this problem one of the highest priorities for the international community. One of the most significant consequences of these episodes is the long-term mental health effects of trauma on victims. The most common symptoms...
Need Statement Communication skills are a specific set of verbal and non-verbal ways of constructive communication by a nurse, necessary in a typical clinical situation, including with patients, patients’ relatives, doctors, and colleagues. Thus, basic communication skills include establishing contact, gathering information, active listening, empathy, commenting, informing, and ending a...
Introduction Phil is a 15-year-old male Hispanic patient who has been experiencing sadness and angry during the last four months. No specific information about the biological problems or challenges is mentioned. No physical traumas and other physiological concerns are reported and noticed by the doctor. Biological problems of this patient...
The main professional aims of nursing have always been to alleviate suffering and take care of those who need it, that is why a nurse should have deep sympathy for those in pain and willingness to help others. Mental Health Nursing especially demands these qualities as mental patients often suffer...
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has been essential in guiding healthcare officials with the criteria of diagnosing mental disorders. Through DSM, medical professionals learn the common symptoms of diagnosing various mental disorders. It also offers common language that enables psychiatrists to communicate with their patients, which...
Reliability alongside validity is a key determinant of the quality of research. The former primarily focuses on the consistency of the findings in regards to the reproducibility of the results (Gitomer et al., 2021). In other words, reliability highlights whether or not an outcome of the research can be replicated...
Care coordination refers to the type of service that is provided to patients outside of the healthcare facility. The between-visit care has a positive impact on health and reduces the risk of disease progression. Care coordination and continuum of care are based on the notion of person-centered assessment and care....
Introduction High burnout rates are detrimental for the United States healthcare system, causing major losses in both finances and lives. The most suitable approach to their reduction can play a critical part in uplifting the quality of care to the desired standards, especially considering the current increase in pressure on...
It is hard to disagree that all people face different conflicts, and sometimes it may happen on a daily basis. Although some consider conflicts entirely negative and distressing, they can actually be positive and enhance future communication. Of course, the condition under which the conflict will not be destructive is...
The article Doctors’ Use of Medical Terminology Can Leave Patients Poorly Informed (2014) states that doctors have utilized jargon to keep patients in the dark recently. Yet, there is no justification for poor communication since patients are more concerned about their treatment than ever before. Hence, the article emphasizes that...
The importance of efficient and productive interprofessional communication in a multidisciplinary team cannot be stressed enough. According to Al-Hamdan et al. (2018), “communication is one of the mechanisms that can specify how a positive nursing work environment can contribute to nurses’ job satisfaction” (p. 714). Nurses are the first line...
The existing technologies and advancements that are made by technology in various domains of medicine are reflections of the future of medicine. While it is bright, there are still many uncertainties that are yet to be resolved. The use of technology in medicine is currently under development, and there is...
More than 5.5 million asylum seekers have fled Venezuela, with 4.6 million of them now residing in the Latin American regions (Bojorquez et al., 2021). These notable numbers justify the relevance of the healthcare access issue of immigrants. In a number of nations of Latin America, they admit to having...
Introduction Nurses are not heroes or angels but vastly trained workers who play an essential role in patient safety. Professionalism in healthcare is defined as operating under principles that improve a patient’s quality of life and health by caring for and controlling the patient’s current illness. Nurses are governed by...
Introduction The Staircase Model represents important characteristics of the nurse at various stages of cultural competence development; nevertheless, that individual comprehends these characteristics. As a result, it is critical that nurses accurately evaluate themselves in this self-assessment. The assessment also suggests a possible reason for the attributes considered and regular...
The first step is to educate the patient about the competencies and skills that Nurse Practitioners (NPs) have. It is important to articulate to the patient that NPs are competent in a comprehensive health assessment, in prescribing the medication needed, and in designing therapeutic interventions (Dunphy et al., 2019). It...
Introduction There are hundreds of studies on healthcare interventions in the literature, and the number is expanding yearly. There are numerous studies for persons involved in providing care to identify and evaluate when making decisions in most healthcare areas; this topic also. The nursing staff has a critical role in...
Health disparities are characterized by health differences among socioeconomic, ethnic, racial and other populations as well as people with substance use disorders. More often than not, healthcare inequities result from wider inequalities and are observed among socially disadvantaged segments of society. Several factors contribute to health disparities and contradict social...
Zach Anner has cerebral palsy (CP), which is a collection of conditions that impact a person’s ability to move, balance, and maintain posture (Cerebral Palsy Foundation, n.d.). Moreover, the most prevalent motor impairment in children is CP, and thus, many are affected by this disability. The term ‘cerebral” refers to...
Introduction Gerontological nursing is a specific field that must consider the age of the patients. Moreover, multiple factors have to be included when building the plan for caring for senior adults. This field is patient-based, but nurses can take into consideration family members as active participants. Furthermore, intentional learning can...
Executive summary Annually, pregnant women and their children are at a higher risk of developing illnesses and even dying due to pregnancy and delivery difficulties. As a result, there is a need to create preventative, diagnostic, and prompt treatment strategies to address this issue. According to AHWONN and WHO, a...
The healthcare system requires clinicians and nurses to constantly develop their skills and knowledge to provide high-quality treatment for patients. In order to continue my professional development as a nurse, I am considering joining particular medical organizations as a volunteer or seeking internship programs. Such activities will help me gain...
For today’s discussion, I want to offer a review of a phenomenological study by Arcadi et al. (2021) titled Nursing during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A phenomenological study. The study aimed at examining the phenomenon of nursing and changes in the understanding of the concept of nursing during the pandemic. The...
In their article, Patterson and researchers write about how tobacco companies used medical and social research to prove that smoking has a harmful effect on health only on smokers themselves, but not on people who are nearby. Representatives of the tobacco industry thus tried to refute the harm of passive...
When exploring the health care systems of foreign countries and comparing them to the one implemented in the United States, it is reasonable to refer to renowned ones that have proven effective. One such country is France, where health care is universally accessible and based on universal insurance. Health care...
Introduction The purpose of this paper is to provide an overall assessment of a patient’s case and discuss some aspects of overall care. According to Lamar University (2018), the goal of nursing has always been the healing of not only the physical symptoms but also the mind and soul of...
Background The growing availability of information resources has led to distance learning being used more often, especially for postgraduate education. It is especially relevant in those areas characterized by regular updating of knowledge, which includes health care. Therefore, the highest quality, at the current level of world knowledge, training, and...
Although nutritionists tend to promote a general pattern of a healthy diet among the population, some medical conditions require more attention and a tailored approach to consuming various nutrients. It is necessary as these nutrients potentially contribute to the quality of recovery. A prime example of such a medical condition...
According to observations patients in rooms 349, 339D, 343D, 341D, and 347D had BTH/SHWR in the morning. At the same time, in the afternoon, BTH/SHWR was seen in patients in rooms 335W 341W. Additionally, in the morning, it was noticed that Krist’s patient was coded. As a result, the respiratory...
Literature review is an essential part of any work. Whitehead and colleagues (2019) studied factors that make nursing certification attractive for those who undertake this qualification. In their study, the authors examined 41 articles to measure the value of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, that is to say personal and professional...
Radioactive elements are those elements that are unstable and have excess nucleus energy and gain stability by giving off atomic radiation. Atoms with extra neutrons and protons create extra energy in the nucleus rendering the atom unbalanced. The radiation emitted transforms radioactive elements into another chemical form that may be...
In January 2021, in the midst of a pandemic, Washington State took an unusual strategy to operationalize its vaccination program by turning to businesses for help. To deliver on the state’s ambitious vaccination program, the local government has expanded the Washington State Vaccine Command and Coordination Center (WSVCCC) to include...
Disease processes present a complex issue that can be challenging to disentangle and provide a timely response. The ability to identify and anticipate disease processes is a vital skill that allows nurses to affect public health on a global scale positively. However, each nursing process is a highly specific set...
Summary As a registered nurse practitioner (NP) working to meet the needs of the community, it is necessary to address the problem of substance misuse in each subset of the population. Achieving this objective requires the NP to have a good understanding of the clinical practice guideline and the capacity...
Legalizing marijuana is one of the most heated debates in contemporary social, political, cultural, and economic arenas. In the United States, several states have passed laws that permit the medicinal and recreational use of marijuana. Supporters of legalizing the drug argue that it does not bear significant adverse health effects...
Introduction Scholars and medics have defined pressure injury as areas of localized injury either to the underlying tissue or the skin, mainly over the prominence due to the sole effect of pressure or a combination of pressure and shear. The global prevalence of pressure injury is estimated at 12.8% of...
Culture care theory is a theory proposed by sociocultural anthropologist and nurse Madeleine Leininger. The CCT’s purpose is based on helping clinicians and researchers to explain, document, discover, and know the relationship between cultural phenomena and care when admitting peculiarities and similarities of different cultures (McFarland, 2018). This theory was...
Communication between employees affects the provision of medical services and the quality of the hospital as a whole, but this is often neglected. Communication shortcomings when transferring a patient from one medical professional to another can be different, including the transmission of incomplete information necessary for quality treatment, incorrect information,...
The findings can be interpreted as accurate and nondiscriminatory due to the inclusion of nurses with a wide range of backgrounds eliminating a possibility of bias among participants. The race, gender, and educational level distribution can be considered representative of the majority of similar healthcare organizations. Setting and Organization In...
A neonatal abstinence syndrome is a group of symptoms that occur in a newborn child due to the cessation of the intake of narcotic substances into the body in the womb. There are two main types of NAS – prenatal and postpartum. In my opinion, both of these types should...
Summary Cultural and linguistic diversity hinders the achievement of health equity because they limit proper interaction and communication. The insightful video on “How Effective Healthcare Communication Contributes to Health Equity” provides essential details on how effective communication can promote health equity. The first point mentioned is that health literacy contributes...
Introduction Healthcare is one of the most important and basic human wants and should always be available to an individual anytime one requires medical attention. However, the healthcare sector is also amongst the expensive ones to manage within a nation. It is the government’s responsibility to ensure that all its...
Introduction Nurses are crucial in providing care for patients, although there are some differences between certain roles. Advanced practice nursing refers to various nursing interventions that can impact patients’ health, with the nurses being educated professionals who can assist people from various backgrounds (DeNisco & Barker, 2015). With that being...
Introduction Officials of the state Medicaid program can be involved as stakeholders in supporting the project and its implementation in order to integrate and generate profit. Insurance organizations, businesses, and individuals who will make the financing decision and participate in the implementation can also be considered key audience members. The...
Introduction Developmental and psychological disorders in children are challenging issues in healthcare management globally. All parents expect to have healthy children from birth hence get disappointed when they realize a child has a disorder. Many children and youths are experiencing emotional, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to unhealthy social and...
The clinical presentation case assessed was a female having anaemia caused by excessive blood loss suffered menorrhagia. Madam X is a 38-year-old female who comes from the Y community of the B Region. The Y community has a cultural and religious belief that prevents blood transfusion. Their tradition also inhibits...
This course offered opportunities to learn about descriptive, inferential, and qualitative data analysis, including their similarities and differences. Descriptive analysis serves to present information about a fully measured population in a structured, categorized, and accessible form (Nieswiadomy & Bailey, 2018). Inferential analysis uses the data from a randomized sample to...
As should be known, the law, even in its ideal and perfect form, exists only as an impeccable representation of the law. In reality, this idea of the law must adapt to social attitudes and, in many cases, overcome them. The implication is that in the context of an ethnic...